MARRIAGE

     Section 23.  The legislature shall have the power to reserve marriage to opposite-sex couples. [Add HB 117 (1997) and election Nov 3, 1998]

Note

  For proposed constitutional amendment to this section, see HB 2802, L 2024, pg. 778.

Attorney General Opinions

  This section does not require that marriages be limited to opposite-sex couples.  Instead the section provides that the legislature possesses the authority to limit marriages to opposite-sex couples by statute, should it choose to do so.  Att. Gen. Op. 13-1.

Law Journals and Reviews

  The Hawai`i Marriage Amendment:  Its Origins, Meaning and Fate.  22 UH L. Rev. 19.

  The Future of Same-Sex Marriage.  22 UH L. Rev. 119.

  The Fine Line Between Love and the Law:  Hawaii's Attempt to Resolve the Same-Sex Marriage Issue.  22 UH L. Rev. 149.

  The Defense of Marriage Act:  Sex and the Citizen.  24 UH L. Rev. 279.

  The Recognition of Same-Sex Relationships:  Comparative Institutional Analysis, Contested Social Goals, and Strategic Institutional Choice.  28 UH L. Rev. 23.

  Free Exercise and Hybrid Rights:  An Alternative Perspective on the Constitutionality of Same-Sex Marriage Bans.  29 UH L. Rev. 23.

  Judicial Review and Sexual Freedom.  30 UH L. Rev. 1.

  The State Marriage Cases:  Implications for Hawai`i's Marriage Equality Debate in the Post-Lawrence and Romer Era.  31 UH L. Rev. 653 (2009).

  Tax Justice and Same-Sex Domestic Partner Health Benefits:  An Analysis of the Tax Equity For Health Plan Beneficiaries Act.  32 UH L. Rev. 73 (2009).

  The Queer Case of the LGBT Movement.  41 UH L. Rev. 27 (2018).

Case Notes

  Hawaii's marriage laws (this section and §572-1) are rationally related to legitimate government interests; thus, they do not violate the equal protection clause or the due process clause of the U.S. Constitution.  884 F. Supp. 2d 1065 (2012).