See appended chapter note, pt. I A10.

In general, see appended chapter note, pt. I A9; also pt. I A7e. Review of factual issues, see 42 H. 250, 256; 42 H. 264, 267; 45 H. 83, 86-7, 363 P.2d 964. To extent governed by Hawaii Rules of Civil Procedure, see HRCP rule 52(a), construed in 42 H. 111, 116; 42 H. 286, 297; 43 H. 76, 82; 43 H. 119, 124; 44 H. 327, 342, 359 P.2d 164; 44 H. 582, 358 P.2d 53, den'g reh'g of 44 H. 464, 355 P.2d 25; 45 H. 128, 139, 363 P.2d 969; 45 H. 232, 233-34, 364 P.2d 646; 45 H. 445, 452, 370 P.2d 463; 45 H. 521, 550-551, 371 P.2d 379; 46 H. 233, 238, 377 P.2d 708; 46 H. 353, 364, 380 P.2d 488; 46 H. 475, 513-514, 382 P.2d 920; 47 H. 145, 147, 384 P.2d 300; 47 H. 220, 225, 386 P.2d 855; 47 H. 577, 585, 393 P.2d 89; 48 H. 152, 168, 397 P.2d 593; 48 H. 193, 202, 397 P.2d 552, reh'g den. 48 H. 391, 402 P.2d 678; 49 H. 62, 68, 412 P.2d 326; 49 H. 160, 180, 413 P.2d 221; 49 H. 661, 667, 426 P.2d 816.

See HRCP rules 46, 61, and see note to §641-16.

Newly discovered evidence, admissibility of, effect: 3 H. 64; 7 H. 573; 14 H. 204; 33 H. 98; 38 H. 605. Review generally on the record: 14 H. 204; 23 H. 571, 572.

In equitable actions, findings of trial judge not binding on supreme court and may make its own findings. 15 H. 526; 22 H. 291; 28 H. 590, 662; 29 H. 638; 33 H. 701; 34 H. 363; 34 H. 228, 303; 39 H. 185; 158 F.2d 122; see also 23 H. 646, 649. In equity case, presumption correctly decided. 22 H. 391. In the case of conflicting evidence, findings entitled to great weight. 10 H. 308; 15 H. 526; 22 H. 17; 22 H. 391; 25 H. 22, 33; 26 H. 137; 29 H. 638; 29 H. 698; 30 H. 446; 32 H. 659; 32 H. 751; 33 H. 745; 33 H. 846; 34 H. 87, 91; 38 H. 616; 40 H. 279; 40 H. 386. Even though the evidence be meager, if sustains findings, will not be disturbed. 24 H. 277. But where evidence is of slight weight and doubtful character, findings not followed. 33 H. 701; 35 H. 689. In divorce cases; supreme court will draw its own conclusions; in cases turning wholly or largely on credibility of witnesses or weight of evidence, findings of trial judge accorded much weight. 21 H. 339; 22 H. 189; 29 H. 866; 30 H. 240; 34 H. 312; 36 H. 49; 37 H. 512. And should control unless the evidence clearly requires the contrary conclusion. 32 H. 177.

Under certain conditions, judgment can be reversed on legal theory not raised before. 56 H. 466, 540 P.2d 978.

Supreme court cannot disregard jurisdictional defects in an appeal. 57 H. 61, 549 P.2d 477.

Appellate court was not precluded from considering equity defense of unclean hands raised for the first time on appeal. 57 H. 215, 553 P.2d 733.

Evidence outside trial record may not be referred to in appellate brief unless approved by trial court pursuant to HRCP Rule 75(c). 57 H. 405, 557 P.2d 125.

Court's power to render final judgment on reversal should be exercised where the result would be foreordained on remand. 58 H. 345, 569 P.2d 884.

Trial court's possible error in granting directed verdict found to be harmless in light of subsequent jury instructions. 60 H. 214, 587 P.2d 1229.

Denial of motion for new trial is within discretion of trial court and will not be upset unless clear abuse of discretion. 60 H. 259, 588 P.2d 438.

Mentioned: 74 H. 210, 847 P.2d 652.